مقایسه اثربخشی شفقت‌درمانی و درمان مبتنی بر بهبود کیفیت زندگی بر تحمل پریشانی و سرسختی سلامت زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان

نادیا  رفیعیان; جلیل یونسی بروجنی; نبی اله  اکبرنتاج شوب

Authors

Nadia Rafieian Department of Psychology, Sar.C., Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4508-3770
Jalil Younesi Borujeni Associate Professor, Department of Measurement and Evaluation, Alameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9619-1600
Nabiollah Akbarnattaj Shob Department of Psychology, Bab.C., Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1693-9426

Keywords:

Compassion, Focused Therapy, Quality of Life Improvement, Based Therapy, Distress Tolerance, Health Hardiness, Breast Cancer

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Breast cancer is associated not only with physical complications but also with extensive psychological distress, which may reduce distress tolerance and health hardiness in affected women. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy and Quality of Life Improvement-Based Therapy on distress tolerance and health hardiness in women with breast cancer.

Methodology: This quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest–posttest design with a non-equivalent control group and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population consisted of women with breast cancer who referred to the Iranian Psychoanalytic Center in District 2 of Tehran in 2025. A total of 45 participants were selected through purposive sampling and assigned to three equal groups: Compassion-Focused Therapy, Quality of Life Improvement-Based Therapy, and control group. The intervention groups received regular therapeutic sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Distress Tolerance Scale developed by Simons and Gaher and the Health Hardiness Questionnaire developed by Gebhardt et al. Data analysis was performed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc tests.

Findings: The results showed a significant effect of time on distress tolerance (F=82.118, p=0.001, η²=0.662), and the interaction effect of time and group was also significant (F=5.573, p=0.001, η²=0.210). The effect of time on health hardiness was significant as well (F=107.888, p=0.001, η²=0.720), with a significant time-by-group interaction (F=26.224, p=0.001, η²=0.555). Bonferroni comparisons indicated that both interventions significantly improved distress tolerance and health hardiness compared with the control group. No significant difference was found between the two experimental groups in distress tolerance, whereas a significant difference was observed between them in health hardiness.

Conclusion: The findings indicated that both Compassion-Focused Therapy and Quality of Life Improvement-Based Therapy were effective in improving distress tolerance and health hardiness among women with breast cancer. However, Compassion-Focused Therapy showed greater effectiveness in enhancing health hardiness and may be considered a useful complementary intervention alongside medical treatment.

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